Journal
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
Volume 181, Issue -, Pages 287-300Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2013.06.003
Keywords
Engineered nanomaterials; Predicted environmental concentrations (PEC); Measured environmental concentrations
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Funding
- EU [266712]
- Swiss National Science Foundation within the National Research Program 64 [406440_131241]
- Swiss National Science Foundation (SNF) [406440_131241] Funding Source: Swiss National Science Foundation (SNF)
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Scientific consensus predicts that the worldwide use of engineered nanomaterials (ENM) leads to their release into the environment. We reviewed the available literature concerning environmental concentrations of six ENMs (TiO2, ZnO, Ag, fullerenes, CNT and CeO2) in surface waters, wastewater treatment plant effluents, biosolids, sediments, soils and air. Presently, a dozen modeling studies provide environmental concentrations for ENM and a handful of analytical works can be used as basis for a preliminary validation. There are still major knowledge gaps (e.g. on ENM production, application and release) that affect the modeled values, but over all an agreement on the order of magnitude of the environmental concentrations can be reached. True validation of the modeled values is difficult because trace analytical methods that are specific for ENM detection and quantification are not available. The modeled and measured results are not always comparable due to the different forms and sizes of particles that these two approaches target. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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