Journal
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
Volume 175, Issue -, Pages 22-29Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2012.12.008
Keywords
Antibiotics; Seasonal and spatial distribution; Risk assessment; Yangtze Estuary
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Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [41171376, 41271473]
- Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities
- State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research [2010RCDW01]
- large instruments Open Foundation of East China Normal University
- SKLEC Fostering Project for Top Doctoral Dissertations and Scholarship Award for Excellent Doctoral Student
- East China Normal University [XRZZ2012016]
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The occurrence and distribution of five groups of antibiotics were investigated in the surface water of Yangtze Estuary over four seasons. Of the 20 antibiotics, only sulfamerazine was not detected at all sampling sites, indicating widespread occurrence of antibiotic residues in the study area. Detection frequencies and concentrations of antibiotics were generally higher in January, indicating that low flow conditions and low temperature might enhance the persistence of antibiotics in water. Antibiotic levels varied with location, with the highest concentrations being observed around river discharge and sewage outfall. Furthermore, a positive correlation between total antibiotic and DOC concentrations revealed the significant role played by DOC. Risk assessment based on single compound exposure showed that sulfapyridine and sulfamethoxazole could cause medium risk to daphnid in the Yangtze Estuary. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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