Journal
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
Volume 157, Issue 11, Pages 3034-3041Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2009.05.047
Keywords
Ag-ENs; EPS; Nanoparticle; Phytoplankton; Toxicity
Categories
Funding
- Texas Institute of Oceanography Postdoctoral Fellowship
- National Science Foundation [0351559, 0210865, 0933137]
- Welch Foundation [BD-0046]
- NOAA [NAO5NOS4191064]
- Directorate For Geosciences
- Division Of Ocean Sciences [0351559] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
- Div Of Chem, Bioeng, Env, & Transp Sys
- Directorate For Engineering [0933137, 0210865] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
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In this study, we report that silver ions (Ag(+)) from the oxidative dissolution of silver engineered nanoparticles (Ag-ENs) determined the EN toxicity to the marine diatom Thalassiosira weissflogii. Most of the Ag-ENs formed non-toxic aggregates (>0.22 mu m) in seawater. When the free Ag(+) concentration ([Ag(+)](F)) was greatly reduced by diafiltration or thiol complexation, no toxicity was observed, even though the Ag-ENs were better dispersed in the presence of thiols with up to 1.08 x 10(-5) M Ag-ENs found in the <0.22 mu m fraction, which are orders of magnitude higher than predicted for the natural aquatic environment. The secretion of polysaccharide-rich algal exopolymeric substances (EPS) significantly increased at increasing [Ag(+)](F). Both dissolved and particulate polysaccharide concentrations were higher for nutrient-limited cells, coinciding with their higher Ag(+) tolerance, suggesting that EPS may be involved in Ag(+) detoxification. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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