Journal
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
Volume 155, Issue 3, Pages 453-463Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2008.03.010
Keywords
air pollutant injury; antioxidant; ascorbate; enzyme changes; glutathione-S-transferase; hydrogen peroxide; membrane dysfunction; microarrays; mRNA changes; ozone; pathway interactions; stress ethylene; wounding response
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When plants are observed under a low dose of ozone, some physiological and metabolic shifts occur. Barring-extreme injury such as tissue damage or stomata closure, most of these disruptive changes are likely to have been initiated at the level of gene expression. The belief is oxidative products formed in ozone exposed leaves, e.g. hydrogen peroxide, are responsible for much of the biochemical adjustments. The first line of defense is a range of antioxidants, such as ascorbate and glutathione, but if this defense is overwhelmed, subsequent actions occur, similar to systemic acquired resistance or general wounding. Yet there are seemingly unrelated metabolic responses which are also triggered, such as early senescence. We discuss here the current understanding of gene control and signal transduction/control in order to increase our comprehension of how ozone alters the basic metabolism of plants and how plants counteract or cope with ozone. (C) 2008 Published by Elsevier Ltd.
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