High potential for the formation of haloacetic acids in the Karoon River water in Iran

The impact of the total organic carbon (TOC), chlorine dosage, water temperature, reaction time, pH, and seasonal variation on the formation of haloacetic acids (HAAs) in the Karoon River in Iran was studied. The results showed that dichloroacetic acid and trichloroacetic acid were the most detected HAA(5). The HAA(5) formation potential (HAA(5)FP) levels in the Karoon River water in spring time, when the water TOC content exceeded 4 mg/L, were 1.38 times higher than during the winter season, when the water TOC content was below 3.5 mg/L. There was not a strong correlation between the HAA(5)FP and the residence time for the Karoon River water. For the range of the water temperatures studied, there was little variation in the HAA(5)FP in cold water, but in warmer water, the values of the HAA(5)FP varied quickly.