Journal
ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY
Volume 20, Issue 10, Pages 3757-3771Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.14377
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Funding
- AEI/FEDER, EU [CGL2016-76273-P]
- FEDER funds
- Spanish Ministerio de Economia, Industria y Competitividad [CONSOLIDER-CGL2015-71523-REDC]
- Generalitat Valenciana [PROMETEO II/2014/012]
- project CLIMAWET [CGL2015-69557-R]
- Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness
- European Union through the European Fund for Regional Development 'One way to make Europe'
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We present two genomes of widespread freshwater picocyanobacteria isolated by extinction dilution from a Spanish oligotrophic reservoir. Based on microscopy and genomic properties, both picocyanobacteria were tentatively designated Synechococcus lacustris Tous, formerly described as a metagenome assembled genome (MAG) from the same habitat, and Cyanobium usitatum Tous, described here for the first time. Both strains were purified in unicyanobacterial cultures, and their genomes were sequenced. They are broadly distributed in freshwater systems; the first seems to be a specialist on temperate reservoirs (Tous, Amadorio, Dexter, Lake Lanier, Sparkling), and the second appears to also be abundant in cold environments including ice-covered lakes such as Lake Baikal, Lake Erie or the brackish Baltic Sea. Having complete genomes provided access to the flexible genome that does not assemble in MAGs. We found several genomic islands in both genomes, within which there were genes for nitrogen acquisition, transporters for a wide set of compounds and biosynthesis of phycobilisomes in both strains. Some of these regions of low coverage in metagenomes also included antimicrobial compounds, transposases and phage defence systems, including a novel type III CRISPR-Cas phage defence system that was only detected in Synechococcus lacustris Tous.
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