Journal
ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY
Volume 13, Issue 6, Pages 1577-1589Publisher
WILEY-BLACKWELL
DOI: 10.1111/j.1462-2920.2011.02465.x
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Funding
- GACR [P503/10/P182]
- Institutional Research Concepts [AV 0Z 5020910]
- AROMAGEN [2B08062]
- Ministry of Industry and Trade of the Czech Republic [FT-TA3/077]
- [MSM6046137305]
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A biosynthetic pathway using pivalic acid as a starter unit was found in three bacterial species, Alicyclobacillus acidoterrestris, Rhodococcus erythropolis and Streptomyces avermitilis. When deuterium-labelled pivalic acid was added to A. acidoterrestris and R. erythropolis nutrient media it was incorporated into fatty acids to give rise to tert-butyl fatty acids (t-FAs). In addition, in R. erythropolis, pivalic acid was transformed into two starter units, i.e. isobutyric and 2-methylbutyric acid, which served as precursors of corresponding iso-even FAs and anteiso-FAs. In S. avermitilis the biosynthesis also yielded all three branched FAs; apart from this pathway, both pivalic and 2-methylbutyric acids were incorporated into the antibiotic avermectin.
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