Journal
ENVIRONMENTAL AND EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY
Volume 64, Issue 1, Pages 97-104Publisher
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.envexpbot.2008.05.004
Keywords
Ulmus minor Mill.; Ophiostoma novo-ulmi Brasier; Dutch elm disease; phenol; suberin
Categories
Funding
- DGB (Ministerio de Medio Ambiente)
- ETSI Montes (Universidad Politecnica de Madrid)
- INIA [RTA2005-00151-00-00]
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The survival of some elms to Dutch elm disease (DED) epidemics could be related with the application of disinfectant products based on simple phenols. To test this hypothesis, the protective effect of different phenolic treatments in Ulmus minor trees was evaluated through inoculations with Ophiostoma novo-ulmi, the current DED pathogen. During spring 2004 and spring 2005, 4-year-old elms were: (i) watered with a 0.02% solution of the phenolic fraction of phenolic oil, (ii) watered with a 0.02 and 0.2% solution of a phenol-cresol mixture, and (iii) trunk injected with a 0.2% solution of phenol-cresol mixture. In May, trees were artificially inoculated with O. novo-ulmi. At the end of the 2004 and 2005 vegetative periods, phenol-treated trees showed significantly lower wilting values than control trees. One week of bud break delay was observed in trees watered with the 0.2% solution of phenol-cresol mixture. Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy and electrospray ionisation mass spectrometry evidenced enhanced levels of suberin-like compounds in phenol-treated trees with respect to non-treated trees. The deposition of suberin in xylem tissues, as a response to phenol treatments, might be considered as one of the mechanisms of resistance of elms to O. novo-ulmi. (c) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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