Journal
ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL
Volume 60, Issue -, Pages 71-80Publisher
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2013.07.019
Keywords
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH); Fate and transformations; Human exposure; Health effects; Biomarkers; Regulation
Categories
Funding
- National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF)
- Ministry of Education, Science and Technology (MEST) [2009-0093848]
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Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are a large group of organic compounds comprised of two or more fused benzene rings arranged in various configurations. PAHs are widespread environmental contaminants formed as a result of incomplete combustion of organic materials such as fossil fuels. The occurrence of PAHs in ambient air is an increasing concem because of their carcinogenicity and mutagenicity. Although emissions and allowable concentrations of PAHs in air are now regulated, the health risk posed by PAH exposure suggests a continuing need for their control through air quality management. In light of the environmental significance of PAH exposure, this review offers an overview of PAH properties, fates, transformations, human exposure, and health effects (acute and chronic) associated with their emission to the atmosphere. Biomarkers of PAH exposure and their significance are also discussed. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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