Two-phase genetic algorithm for topology optimization of free-form steel space-frame roof structures with complex curvatures

A two-phase genetic algorithm is presented for simultaneous sizing and topology optimization of free form steel space frame roof structures consisting of discrete commercially available rectangular hollow structural sections. The algorithm is applied to two real-life space roof structures intended for Ottawa Light Rail Transit (OLRT). It is shown that the algorithm is effective for topology optimization of real-life roof structures with complex curvatures in multiple planes. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.