Journal
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
Volume 300, Issue -, Pages 438-443Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
DOI: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2015.09.100
Keywords
Comparative study; Vanadium redox flow battery; Iron-chromium redox flow battery; Large-scale energy storage; Capital cost
Funding
- Research Grants Council of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China [16213414]
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The promise of redox flow batteries (RFBs) utilizing soluble redox couples, such as all vanadium ions as well as iron and chromium ions, is becoming increasingly recognized for large-scale energy storage of renewables such as wind and solar, owing to their unique advantages including scalability, intrinsic safety, and long cycle life. An ongoing question associated with these two RFBs is determining whether the vanadium redox flow battery (VRFB) or iron-chromium redox flow battery (ICRFB) is more suitable and competitive for large-scale energy storage. To address this concern, a comparative study has been conducted for the two types of battery based on their charge discharge performance, cycle performance, and capital cost. It is found that: i) the two batteries have similar energy efficiencies at high current densities; ii) the ICRFB exhibits a higher capacity decay rate than does the VRFB; and iii) the ICRFB is much less expensive in capital costs when operated at high power densities or at large capacities. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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