Lighting energy savings in offices using different control systems and their real consumption

This paper compares the potential of lighting energy savings in office rooms by using different control systems, for three locations in Europe and the four main orientations. The method is based on DAYSIM simulations to perform daylight calculations, on laboratory measurement to evaluate precise system energy consumptions and on the implementation of a new algorithm to simulate a close-loop daylight dimming system. It appears that the control of the electrical power in function of daylight leads to very high savings; they slightly depend on the room orientation and the location. Savings vary from 45 to 61%. The performances of an occupancy sensor are also tested. Threshold values of occupancy rate for which daylight dimming leads to higher gains than an occupancy control system vary between 27 and 44% depending on location and orientation. The measurements of the energy consumption of the sensors and detectors also permit to conclude that systems with embedded DALI-compatible ballast controllers should be abandoned in favour of a centralized DALI-compatible ballast controller or embedded analogue systems. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.