Journal
JOURNAL OF POWER ELECTRONICS
Volume 15, Issue 3, Pages 775-785Publisher
SPRINGER HEIDELBERG
DOI: 10.6113/JPE.2015.15.3.775
Keywords
cell inconsistency; bidirectional equalization; equalization strategy; state of charge; particle swarm optimization
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Funding
- Research and Development of Application Technology Plan Project in Heilongjiang Province of China [GA13A202]
- NSFC-EPSRC Collaborative Research Initiative in Smart Grids and the Integration of Electric Vehicles [51361130153]
- Science and Technology Project of State Grid Corporation of China
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Many equalization circuits have been proposed to improve pack performance and reduce imbalance Although bidirectional equalization topologies are promising in these methods, pre-equalization global equalization strategy is lacking. This study proposes a novel state-of-charge (SoC) equalization algorithm for bidirectional equalizer based on particle swarm optimization (PSO), which is employed to fmd optimal equalization time and steps. The working principle of bidirectional equalization topologies is analyzed, and the reason behind the application of SoC as a balancing criterion is explained. To verify the performance of the proposed algorithm, a pack with 12 LiFePO4 batteries is applied in the experiment. Results show that the maximum SoC gap is within 2% after equalization, and the available pack capacity is enhanced by 13.2%. Furthermore, a comparison between previously used methods and the proposed PSO equalization algorithm is presented. Experimental tests are performed, and results show that the proposed PSO equalization algorithm requires fewer steps and is superior to traditional methods in terms of equalization time, energy loss, and balancing performance.
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