Journal
ENERGY & ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE
Volume 7, Issue 1, Pages 399-407Publisher
ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
DOI: 10.1039/c3ee43161d
Keywords
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Funding
- European Union under the Seventh Framework Programme under a contract for an Integrated Infrastructure Initiative [312483 - ESTEEM2]
- NTU [M58110068]
- Competitive Research Programme grant [NRF-CRP5-2009-04]
- Singapore-Berkeley Research Initiative for Sustainable Energy (SinBeRISE) CREATE Programme
- Danish Council for Strategic Research
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This work reports a study into the origin of the high efficiency in solution-processable bilayer solar cells based on methylammonium lead iodide (CH(3)NH(3)Pbl(3)) and [6,6]-phenyl-C-61-butyric acid methyl ester (PC61BM). Our cell has a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 5.2% under simulated AM 1.5G irradiation (100 mW cm(-2)) and an internal quantum efficiency of close to 100%, which means that nearly all the absorbed photons are converted to electrons and are efficiently collected at the electrodes. This implies that the exciton diffusion, charge transfer and charge collection are highly efficient. The high exciton diffusion efficiency is enabled by the long diffusion length of CH(3)NH(3)Pbl(3) relative to its thickness. Furthermore, the low exciton binding energy of CH(3)NH(3)Pbl(3) implies that exciton splitting at the CH(3)NH(3)Pbl(3)/PC61BM interface is very efficient. With further increase in CH(3)NH(3)Pbl(3) thickness, a higher PCE of 7.4% could be obtained. This is the highest efficiency attained for low temperature solution-processable bilayer solar cells to date.
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