Journal
ENERGY & ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE
Volume 7, Issue 9, Pages 3069-3076Publisher
ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
DOI: 10.1039/c4ee01455c
Keywords
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Funding
- Welch Foundation [F-1254]
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Ni catalyst-based anodes in solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) operating with natural gas fuel are vulnerable to coking (carbon deposition) and sulfur poisoning, resulting in impaired anodes and eventual cessation of SOFC operation. The incorporation of as small as 1 atom% W to Ni is found to overcome this formidable challenge. The hydrogen tungsten bronze (HxWO3-delta WO3-x-delta(OH)(x)) formed by reaction with the water vapor produced during SOFC operation supplies the hydroxyl groups to oxidize carbon and eliminate coking on the Ni surface. Mobile protons adhered to the oxide ions as well as the mobile oxide ions themselves in the AO(3) sublattice of the oxygen-deficient perovskite-type HxWO3-delta facilitate a rapid cleaning of the Ni surface. We show here that Ni-HxWO3-delta-Ce0.8Gd0.2O1.9 (GDC) anode-supported single cell SOFCs with GDC electrolyte and Ba0.5Sr0.5Co0.8Fe0.2O3-delta cathode exhibit more than 200 h of stable operation with methane fuel at 650-700 degrees C.
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