Journal
ENERGY & ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE
Volume 5, Issue 1, Pages 5265-5270Publisher
ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
DOI: 10.1039/c1ee02122b
Keywords
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Funding
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) [KUS-11-001-12]
- National Defense Science and Engineering
- National Science Foundation
- Stanford Graduate Fellowship
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The materials that are used to make electrodes and their internal structures significantly affect microbial fuel cell (MFC) performance. In this study, we describe a carbon nanotube (CNT)-sponge composite prepared by coating a sponge with CNTs. Compared to the CNT-coated textile electrodes evaluated in prior studies, CNT-sponge electrodes had lower internal resistance, greater stability, more tunable and uniform macroporous structure (pores up to 1 mm in diameter), and improved mechanical properties. The CNT-sponge composite also provided a three-dimensional scaffold that was favorable for microbial colonization and catalytic decoration. Using a batch-fed H-shaped MFC outfitted with CNT-sponge electrodes, an areal power density of 1.24 W m(-2) was achieved when treating domestic wastewater. The maximum volumetric power density of a continuously fed plate-shaped MFC was 182 W m(-3). To our knowledge, these are the highest values obtained to date for MFCs fed domestic wastewater: 2.5 times the previously reported maximum areal power density and 12 times the previously reported maximum volumetric power density.
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