Journal
ENERGY & ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE
Volume 5, Issue 6, Pages 7647-7656Publisher
ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
DOI: 10.1039/c2ee21310a
Keywords
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Funding
- KOSEF NRL [R0A-2008-000-20068-0]
- KOSEF EPB center [R11-2008-052-02002]
- Global Frontier R&D Program on Center for Multiscale Energy System [2011-0031571]
- KCAP (Sogang Univ.)
- MEST through NRF [NRF-2011-C1AAA001-2011-0030278]
- National Research Foundation of Korea [2008-0060152, 2008-0062041, 2011-0031571] Funding Source: Korea Institute of Science & Technology Information (KISTI), National Science & Technology Information Service (NTIS)
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The simultaneous production of hydrogen and degradation of organic pollutants (4-chlorophenol, urea, and urine) was successfully achieved using titania photocatalysts which were modified with both anion adsorbates (fluoride or phosphate) and (noble) metals (Pt, Pd, Au, Ag, Cu, or Ni). The dual-function photocatalysis worked only when both components coexisted on the surface of TiO2, whereas TiO2 modified with a single surface component (F-TiO2, P-TiO2, or Pt/TiO2) was inactive under the same experimental condition. Two main surface-modified photocatalysts, F-TiO2/Pt (surface fluorinated and platinized) and P-TiO2/Pt (surface phosphated and platinized), were similarly active for dual-function photocatalysis in the anoxic suspension under UV irradiation. With these catalysts employed, the degradation of 4-chlorophenol (or urea) was accompanied by the concurrent production of H-2. The synergistic effect greatly depended on the kind of metal and pH. The activity of F-TiO2/Pt gradually decreased with increasing pH, which makes the application of F-TiO2/Pt limited to the acidic pH region. On the other hand, P-TiO2/Pt exhibited a consistent activity over a wide range of pH, which makes P-TiO2/Pt a more practical dual-function photocatalyst. The synergistic effect of anions and metal deposits on the surface of TiO2 enhanced the interfacial electron transfer and reduced the charge recombination which resulted in a maximum of 20-fold increase of H-2 production compared to metal deposited TiO2 in the presence of 4-chlorophenol.
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