Journal
ENERGY & ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE
Volume 1, Issue 2, Pages 248-267Publisher
ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
DOI: 10.1039/b809218b
Keywords
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Funding
- Ohio Coal Development Office of the Ohio Air Quality Development Authority, U. S. Department of Energy
- Ohio State University
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Although the processing of coal is an ancient problem and has been practiced for centuries, the constraints posed on today's coal conversion processes are unprecedented, and utmost innovations are required for finding the solution to the problem. With a strong demand for an affordable energy supply which is compounded by the urgent need for a CO2 emission control, the clean and efficient utilization of coal presents both a challenge and an opportunity to the current global R&D efforts in this area. This paper provides a historical perspective on the utilization of coal as an energy source as well as describing the progress and challenges and the future prospect of clean coal conversion processes. It provides background on the historical utilization of coal as an energy source, along with particular emphasis on the constraints in current coal conversion technologies. It addresses the energy conversion efficiencies for current coal combustion and gasification processes and for the membrane and looping based novel processes which are currently under development at various stages of testing. The control technologies for pollutants including CO2 in flue gas or syngas are also discussed. The coal conversion process efficiencies under a CO2 constrained environment are illustrated based on data and ASPEN Plus (R) simulations. The challenges for future R&D efforts in novel coal conversion process development are also presented.
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