Multi-objective probabilistic reactive power and voltage control with wind site correlations

This paper proposes a multi-objective probabilistic reactive power and voltage control in distribution networks using wind turbines, hydro turbines, fuel cells, static compensators and load tap changing transforms. The objective functions are total electrical energy costs, the electrical energy losses, total emissions produced, and voltage deviations during the next day. Since the wind sources and load demand have intermittent characteristics, a probabilistic load flow based on 2m + 1 point estimated method is used to investigate the objective functions. The correlation in wind speed is considered as the distances between WTs are not large in distribution systems. Furthermore, a multi-objective modified bee swarm optimization is proposed to solve the optimization problem by defining a set of non-dominated points as the solutions. A fuzzy based clustering is used to control the size of the repository and a niching method is utilized to choose the best solution during the optimization process. Performance of the proposed algorithm is tested on a 69-bus distribution feeder. The results confirm the necessity of modeling the reactive power and voltage control problem in a stochastic framework. Also, the effects of wind site correlations on different objective functions are discussed completely. (c) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.