Journal
ENERGIES
Volume 6, Issue 1, Pages 514-538Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/en6010514
Keywords
pyrolysis; bio-oil; catalytic upgrading; fast pyrolysis; multifunctional catalysts; hydrodeoxygenation; zeolites
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Funding
- U.S.D.A. NIFA McIntire-Stennis [ARK 10-10]
- USDA [2010-02721]
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Catalytic pyrolysis is a promising thermochemical conversion route for lignocellulosic biomass that produces chemicals and fuels compatible with current, petrochemical infrastructure. Catalytic modifications to pyrolysis bio-oils are geared towards the elimination and substitution of oxygen and oxygen-containing functionalities in addition to increasing the hydrogen to carbon ratio of the final products. Recent progress has focused on both hydrodeoxygenation and hydrogenation of bio-oil using a variety of metal catalysts and the production of aromatics from bio-oil using cracking zeolites. Research is currently focused on developing multi-functional catalysts used in situ that benefit from the advantages of both hydrodeoxygenation and zeolite cracking. Development of robust, highly selective catalysts will help achieve the goal of producing drop-in fuels and petrochemical commodities from wood and other lignocellulosic biomass streams. The current paper will examine these developments by means of a review of existing literature.
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