Journal
ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA
Volume 42, Issue 3, Pages 435-+Publisher
W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC
DOI: 10.1016/j.ecl.2013.05.011
Keywords
Disorders of sex development; Gender assignment; Gender dysphoria; Gender identity; Sex steroids; Transgenderism
Categories
Funding
- NIMH
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This article summarizes for the practicing endocrinologist the current literature on the psychobiology of the development of gender identity and its variants in individuals with disorders of sex development (DSD) or with non-DSD transgenderism. Gender reassignment remains the treatment of choice for strong and persistent gender dysphoria in both categories, but more research is needed on the short-term and long-term effects of puberty-suppressing medications and cross-sex hormones on brain and behavior.
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