Journal
ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA
Volume 40, Issue 4, Pages 795-+Publisher
W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC
DOI: 10.1016/j.ecl.2011.08.002
Keywords
Pregnancy; Lactation; Fetus; Neonate; Parathyroid hormone-related protein; Primary hyperparathyroidism; Hypoparathyroidism; Pseudohypoparathyroidism; Vitamin D deficiency
Categories
Funding
- Canadian Institutes of Health Research
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Pregnancy and lactation cause a substantial increase in demand for calcium that is met by different maternal adaptations within each period. Intestinal calcium absorption more than doubles during pregnancy, whereas the maternal skeleton resorbs to provide most of the calcium content of breast milk during lactation. These maternal adaptations also affect the presentation, diagnosis, and management of disorders of calcium and bone metabolism. Although some women may experience fragility fractures as a consequence of pregnancy or lactation, for most women, parity and lactation do not affect the long-term risks of low bone density, osteoporosis, or fracture.
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