Journal
ENDOCRINOLOGY
Volume 152, Issue 3, Pages 793-803Publisher
OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
DOI: 10.1210/en.2010-0606
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Funding
- Korean Government, Ministry of Education, Science, and Technology (MEST) [SC-3230, 20100028758, 2010-0001492, R31-2009-000-100320, 20090083340]
- MEST [2009-0094022]
- Ministry of Education and Human Resources Development
- National Research Foundation of Korea [2009-0094022] Funding Source: Korea Institute of Science & Technology Information (KISTI), National Science & Technology Information Service (NTIS)
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Increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) induce pancreatic beta-cell dysfunction during progressive type 2 diabetes. Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) is a reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate-producing enzyme that plays a key role in cellular reduction/oxidation regulation. We have investigated whether variations in G6PD contribute to beta-cell dysfunction through regulation of ROS accumulation and beta-cell gene expression. When the level of G6PD expression in pancreatic islets was examined in several diabetic animal models, such as db/db mice and OLEFT rats, G6PD expression was evidently up-regulated in pancreatic islets in diabetic animals. To investigate the effect of G6PD on beta-cell dysfunction, we assessed the levels of cellular ROS, glucose-stimulated insulin secretion and beta-cell apoptosis in G6PD-overexpressing pancreatic beta-cells. In INS-1 cells, G6PD overexpression augmented ROS accumulation associated with increased expression of prooxidative enzymes, such as inducible nitric oxide synthase and reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase. G6PD up-regulation also caused decrease in glucose- stimulated insulin secretion in INS-1 cells and primary pancreatic islets. Moreover, elevated G6PD expression led to beta-cell apoptosis, concomitant with the increase in proapoptotic gene expression. On the contrary, suppression of G6PD with small interference RNA attenuated palmitate- induced beta-cell apoptosis. Together, these data suggest that up-regulation of G6PD in pancreatic beta-cells would induce beta-cell dysregulation through ROS accumulation in the development of type 2 diabetes. (Endocrinology 152: 793-803, 2011)
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