Journal
ACS NANO
Volume 10, Issue 1, Pages 822-831Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.5b05931
Keywords
melanoidin; biodegradable; photoacoustic; photothermal; theranostics
Categories
Funding
- MSIP (Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning), Korea, under the ICT Consilience Creative Program [IITP-2015-R0346-15-1007]
- Bio AMP
- Medical Technology Development Program [2012M3A9C6049791]
- Engineering Research Center of the National Research Foundation (NRF) [NRF-2011-0030075]
- Korean Health Technology RAMP
- D Project, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Korea [HI14C1658]
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Light-absorbing nanoparticles for localized heat generation in tissues have various biomedical applications in diagnostic imaging, surgery, and therapies. Although numerous plasmonic and carbon-based nano particles with strong optical absorption have been developed, their clearance, potential cytotoxicity, and long-term safety issues remain unresolved. Here, we show that generally regarded as safe (GRAS) melanoidins prepared from glucose and amino acid offer a high light-to heat conversion efficiency, biocompatibility, biodegradability, nonmutagenicity, and efficient renal clearance, as well as a low cost for synthesis. We exhibit a wide range of biomedical photonic applications of melanoidins, including in vivo photoacoustic mapping of sentinel lymph nodes, photoacoustic tracking of gastrointestinal tracts, photothermal cancer therapy, and photothermal lipolysis. The biodegradation rate and renal clearance of melanoidins are controllable by design. Our results confirm the feasibility of biodegradable melanoidins for various photonic applications to theranostic nanomedicines.
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