Journal
ENDOCRINE JOURNAL
Volume 56, Issue 3, Pages 317-334Publisher
JAPAN ENDOCRINE SOC
DOI: 10.1507/endocrj.K08E-228
Keywords
High-density lipoprotein; Apolipoprotein A-I; Sphingosine 1-phosphate; Scavenger receptor class B type I
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Plasma high-density lipoprotein (HDL) is a potent anti-atherogenic factor, a critical role of which is thought to be reverse cholesterol transport through the lipoprotein-associated apolipoprotein A-I (apoA-I). HDL also carries a potent bioactive lipid mediator, sphingosine 1-phophate (S1P), which exerts diverse physiological and pathophysiological actions in a variety of biological systems, including the cardiovascular system. In addition, HDL-associated apoA-I is known to stimulate intracellular signaling pathways unrelated to transporter activity. Mounting evidence indicates that multiple anti-atherogenic or anti-inflaminatory actions of HDL independent of cholesterol metabolism are mediated by the lipoprotein-associated S1P through S1P receptors and by apoA-I through scavenger receptor class B type I.
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