Journal
EMBO JOURNAL
Volume 29, Issue 5, Pages 871-883Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1038/emboj.2009.408
Keywords
endosomes; ESCRT; multivesicular bodies (MVB); Snf7; Vps25
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Funding
- HFSP [LT00634/2006-L]
- FWF [Y444-B12]
- American Heart Association [AHA 0826060D]
- Cornell University
- Austrian Science Fund (FWF) [Y444] Funding Source: Austrian Science Fund (FWF)
- Austrian Science Fund (FWF) [Y 444] Funding Source: researchfish
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The sequential action of five distinct endosomal-sorting complex required for transport (ESCRT) complexes is required for the lysosomal downregulation of cell surface receptors through the multivesicular body (MVB) pathway. On endosomes, the assembly of ESCRT-III is a highly ordered process. We show that the length of ESCRT-III (Snf7) oligomers controls the size of MVB vesicles and addresses how ESCRT-II regulates ESCRT-III assembly. The first step of ESCRT-III assembly is mediated by Vps20, which nucleates Snf7/Vps32 oligomerization, and serves as the link to ESCRT-II. The ESCRT-II subunit Vps25 induces an essential conformational switch that converts inactive monomeric Vps20 into the active nucleator for Snf7 oligomerization. Each ESCRT-II complex contains two Vps25 molecules (arms) that generate a characteristic Y-shaped structure. Mutant 'one-armed' ESCRT-II complexes with a single Vps25 arm are sufficient to nucleate Snf7 oligomerization. However, these oligomers cannot execute ESCRT-III function. Both Vps25 arms provide essential geometry for the assembly of a functional ESCRT-III complex. We propose that ESCRT-II serves as a scaffold that nucleates the assembly of two Snf7 oligomers, which together are required for cargo sequestration and vesicle formation during MVB sorting. The EMBO Journal (2010) 29, 871-883. doi: 10.1038/emboj.2009.408; Published online 4 February 2010
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