Journal
EMBO JOURNAL
Volume 28, Issue 9, Pages 1341-1350Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1038/emboj.2009.80
Keywords
Atg4; autophagy; crystal structure; deconjugation; LC3
Categories
Funding
- National Project on Protein Structural and Functional Analyses
- Ministry of Education, Science and Culture of Japan
- NIBB Cooperative Research Program [4-148]
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Atg8 is conjugated to phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) by ubiquitin-like conjugation reactions. Atg8 has at least two functions in autophagy: membrane biogenesis and target recognition. Regulation of PE conjugation and deconjugation of Atg8 is crucial for these functions in which Atg4 has a critical function by both processing Atg8 precursors and deconjugating Atg8-PE. Here, we report the crystal structures of catalytically inert human Atg4B (HsAtg4B) in complex with processed and unprocessed forms of LC3, a mammalian orthologue of yeast Atg8. On LC3 binding, the regulatory loop and the N-terminal tail of HsAtg4B undergo large conformational changes. The regulatory loop masking the entrance of the active site of free HsAtg4B is lifted by LC3 Phe119, so that a groove is formed along which the LC3 tail enters the active site. At the same time, the N-terminal tail masking the exit of the active site of HsAtg4B in the free form is detached from the enzyme core and a large flat surface is exposed, which might enable the enzyme to access the membrane-bound LC3-PE. The EMBO Journal (2009) 28, 1341-1350. doi: 10.1038/emboj.2009.80; Published online 26 March 2009
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