Novel screen-printed antimony and tin voltammetric sensors for anodic stripping detection of Pb(II) and Cd(II)

In this article, some new types of electroplated and precursor-modified screen-printed antimony and tin electrodes were developed and assessed for the simultaneous anodic stripping voltammetric (ASV) detection of Pb(II) and Cd(II). The electrodes were characterized by cyclic voltammetry and the different instrumental and chemical parameters were investigated. A comprehensive comparison of the new sensors was performed against the benchmark electroplated and precursor-modified screen-printed bismuth electrodes. The limits of detection were in the range 0.9 to 1.2 mu g L-1 for Pb(II) and 1.8 to 3.5 mu g L-1 for Cd(II) for 240 s deposition. The repeatability on the same sensor (expressed as % relative standard deviation, (n=8)) at the 20 mu g L-1 level was always lower than 5.7% and 8.3% for the electroplated and the precursor-modified electrodes, respectively. Application of the new sensors to mineral water samples spiked with Cd(II) and Pb(II) produced % recovery values in the range 95% to 103%. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.