Journal
ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA
Volume 113, Issue -, Pages 497-504Publisher
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2013.09.126
Keywords
Lithium ion battery; Cathode material; Li3V2(PO4)(3); pH value; Electrochemical performance
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An improved sol-gel method by changing pH value is developed to synthesize high performance Li3V2(PO4)(3)/C cathode material. Li3V2(PO4)(3)/C powders are prepared by a conventional sol-gel process without special controlling pH value and the improved sol-gel process, respectively. They are characterized by X-ray diffractometer (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), galvanostatic charge/discharge test, cyclic voltammetry (CV), electro-chemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and potential step chronoamperometry (PSCA). Not only the cycle performance for the samples prepared by the improved sol-gel method shows obvious enhancement compared with that for the sample prepared via a conventional sol-gel process, but also initial specific capacities have been improved markedly. In the voltage range of 3.0-4.8 V, the sample prepared at pH value of 4 exhibits an optimum capability at low-rate. The sample prepared at pH value of 9 possesses a good performance at high-rate. The enhanced electrochemical performance can be attributed to the microstructure of the powders, which can make the lithium ion diffusion and electron transfer easier across the Li3V2(PO4)(3)/C interfaces, thus resulting in enhanced electrode reaction kinetics and improved electrochemical performance. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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