Journal
ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA
Volume 56, Issue 11, Pages 3981-3987Publisher
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2011.02.014
Keywords
Li-ion battery; Silicon anode; Cyclic stability; Carbon nanotube; Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy
Categories
Funding
- University of Maryland, College Park
- Maryland NanoCenter and its NispLab
- National Science Foundation
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The effects of carbonization process and carbon nanofiber/nanotube additives on the cycling stability of silicon-carbon composite anodes were investigated by monitoring the impedance evolution during charge/discharge cycles with electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). Three types of Si-C anodes were investigated: the first type consisted of Si nanoparticles incorporated into a network of carbon nanofibers (CNFs) and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs), with annealed polymer binder. The second type of Si-C anodes was prepared by further heat treatment of the first Si-C anodes to carbonize the polymer binder. The third Si-C anode was as same as the second one except no CNFs and MWNTs being added. Impedance analysis revealed that the carbonization process stabilized the Si-C anode structure and decreased the charge transfer resistance, thus improving the cycling stability. On the other hand, although the MWNTs/CNFs additives could enhance the electronic conductivity of the Si-C anodes, the induced inhomogeneous structure decreased the integrity of the electrode, resulting in a poor long term cycling stability. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
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