Journal
ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA
Volume 56, Issue 5, Pages 2559-2565Publisher
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2010.11.050
Keywords
Lithium-ion battery; Lithium iron phosphate; Intercalation; Surface defect; Nanocomposite
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Funding
- Nation Science Foundation [DMR-0605159, CMMI-1030048]
- Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR-MURI) [FA9550-06-1-0326]
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL)
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This paper reports sol-gel derived nanostructured LiFePO4/carbon nanocomposite film cathodes exhibiting enhanced electrochemical properties and cyclic stabilities. LiFePO4/carbon films were obtained by spreading sol on Pt coated Si wafer followed by ambient drying overnight and annealing/pyrolysis at elevated temperature in nitrogen. Uniform and crack-free LiFePO4/carbon nanocomposite films were readily obtained and showed olivine phase as determined by means of X-Ray Diffractometry. The electrochemical characterization revealed that, at a current density of 200 mA/g (1.2 C), the nanocomposite film cathodes demonstrated an initial lithium-ion intercalation capacity of 312 mAh/g, and 218 mAh/g after 20 cycles, exceeding the theoretical storage capacity of conventional LiFePO4 electrode. Such enhanced Li-ion intercalation performance could be attributed to the nanocomposite structure with fine crystallite size below 20 nm as well as the poor crystallinity which provides a partially open structure allowing easy mass transport and volume change associated with Li-ion intercalation. Moreover the surface defect introduced by carbon nanocoating could also effectively facilitate the charge transfer and phase transitions. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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