Journal
ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA
Volume 55, Issue 7, Pages 2384-2390Publisher
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2009.11.096
Keywords
Lithium vanadium phosphate; Lithium-ion battery; Electrode; Chemical diffusion coefficient
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Funding
- National Science Foundation of China [20971117, 10979049]
- Education Department of Anhui Province [KJ2009A142]
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The chemical diffusion coefficients of lithium ions (DLi+) in Li3V2(PO4)(3) between 3.0 and 4.8V are systematically determined by cyclic voltammetry (CV), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and galvanostatic intermittent titration technique (GITT). The DLi+ values are found to be dependent on the voltage state of charge and discharge. Based on the results from all the three techniques, the true diffusion coefficients (D-Li+(true)) measured in single-phase region are in the range of 10(-9) to 10(-10) cm(2) s(-1). Its apparent diffusion coefficients (D-Li+(app)) measured in two-phase regions by CV and GITT range from 10(-10) to 10(-11) cm(2) s(-1) and 10(-8) to 10(-13) cm(2) s(-1), respectively, depending on the potentials. By the GITT, the DLi+ varies non-linearly in a W shape with the charge-discharge voltage, which is ascribed to the strong interactions of Li+ with surrounding ions. Finally, the chemical diffusion coefficients of lithium ions measured by CV, EIS and GITT are compared to each other. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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