A Study of Nafion-Coated Bismuth-Film Electrode for the Determination of Zinc, Lead, and Cadmium in Blood Samples

In this article a sensitive differential pulse stripping voltammetry technique on Nafion-coated bismuth-film electrode (NCBFE) was studied for the simultaneous determination of zinc, cadmium, and lead ions in blood samples at ultra trace levels. The measurement results were in excellent agreement with those obtained from atomic absorption spectroscopy. Various operational parameters were investigated and discussed in terms of their effect on the measurement signals. Under optimal conditions, calibration curves for the simultaneous determination of zinc, cadmium, and lead ions were achieved, based on three times the standard deviation of the baseline, the limits of detection were 0.09 mu g L-1 for Cd(II), 0.13 mu g L-1 for Pb(II), and 0.97 mu g L-1 for Zn(II) respectively.