Journal
ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY
Volume 104, Issue -, Pages 127-131Publisher
ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2014.01.039
Keywords
beta-N-methylamino-L-alanine; Cyanobacterial neurotoxin; Triticum aestivum; Up-take; Protein-association
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In order to study the uptake of the cyanobacterial neurotoxin beta-N-methylamino-L-alanine (BMAA) into the crop plant Triticum aestivum during germination and primary growth imbibed grains and 7-day-old Seedlings were irrigated with 100 and 1000 mu g l(-1) BMAA for 4 days and 100 mu g l(-1) BMAA for 28 days. Content of derivatized free and protein-associated BMAA in seedlings, root and shoot tissue, respectively, were analyzed by LC-MS/MS. Free BMAA was only detected in seedlings exposed to 1000 mu g l(-1) BMAA, whereas protein-associated BMAA was found at both exposure concentrations. Irrigation with 100 mu g l(-1) BMAA led to an uptake of the neurotoxin into roots and shoots and to immediate protein-association. In roots, protein-associated BMAA Was detectable after 5 days with peaking amounts after 14 days. Longer exposure did not cause further accumulation in roots. In contrast, protein-associated BMAA was detected in shoot samples after only 1 day. In shoots the highest amounts of protein-associated BMAA were found after 28 days. In turn, in both plant compartments free BMAA was below the measurable concentration. (C) 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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