Journal
ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY
Volume 92, Issue -, Pages 229-236Publisher
ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2013.02.009
Keywords
Antibiotics; Yongjiang River; Developing city; Tributary discharge; Risk assessment
Categories
Funding
- NSFC [41073104, 41273139]
- Guangxi Natural Science Foundation [2010GXNSFE013006]
- Major Program of Ministry of Education of China [210161]
- Key Laboratory of Beibu Gulf Environment Change and Resources Utilization [BBG1108]
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The occurrence and distribution of ten selected antibiotics from three groups (sulfonamides, macrolides, and trimethoprim) were investigated in the Yongjiang River, which flows through Nanning City, a typical developing city in China. The study also assessed the ecological risks and the potential effects caused by discharge from tributaries and anthropogenic activities. Concentrations of most of the antibiotics were elevated along the section of the river in the urban area, highlighting the significant impact of high population density and human activities on the presence of antibiotics in the environment. The concentrations in the tributaries (ranged from not detected to 1336 ng L-1) were generally higher than those in the main stream (ranged from not detected to 78.8 ng L-1), but both areas contained the same predominant antibiotics, revealing the importance of tributary discharge as a source of antibiotic pollution. A risk assessment for the surface water contamination revealed that sulfamethoxazole and erythromycin posed high ecological risks to the most sensitive aquatic organisms (Synechococcus leopoliensis and Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata, respectively) in the midstream and some tributaries. Most of the selected antibiotics presented high ecological risks (risk quotients up to 95) in the sediments. (C) 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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