Journal
ECOLOGICAL ENGINEERING
Volume 33, Issue 3-4, Pages 252-257Publisher
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoleng.2008.05.001
Keywords
coliforms; Clostridium; trichostrongilus; Giardia; Cryptosporidium; E. coli; wastewater
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This paper studies the seasonal presence and removal of the pathogenous micro-organisms Escherichia coli, total coliforms (TC), ClostTidium peTfringens (Cp), faecal streptococci (FS), GiaTdia cysts, CTyptosporidium oocysts and helminth eggs, in a constructed wetland treatment system. The removal efficiency of this system with respect to the indicator micro-organisms achieved maximum values in spring and autumn at 99.9% for E. coli and TC, respectively, in winter at 97.0% for FS, in summer at 100% for Clostridium and throughout the year, also at 100%, in the case of Giardia cysts, Cryptosporidium oocysts; and helminth eggs. In general, very low protozoan and helminth egg counts were found, and the system demonstrated efficient reduction of the wastewater indicator pathogens. (c) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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