Journal
ECOLOGICAL ECONOMICS
Volume 75, Issue -, Pages 152-160Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolecon.2012.01.019
Keywords
Payment-for-ecosystem-service; Family structure; Sustainable livelihood; Wage-labor supply
Funding
- Ministry of Education of China [IRT0855]
- Xi'an Jiaotong University
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [70773094]
- Natural Capital Project
- Stanford University
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This research introduces family composition into the sustainable livelihoods framework for policy analysis. We apply this approach to a case study on the Grain for Green Program in western China. Using recent survey data from Zhouzhi County, we show that the impact of the policy on rural livelihoods varies across household compositions. The environmental program neither targets asset-poor households, nor does it necessarily shift the on-farm labor to non-farm sectors, which would improve household incomes (after controlling for the effect of assets). Households with children but without the elderly tend to have lower migration rates and lower incomes after participation in the program. Policy strategies should consider household heterogeneity, particularly household composition in rural China. (C) 2012 Elsevier BM. All rights reserved.
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