Journal
ECOLOGICAL ECONOMICS
Volume 69, Issue 12, Pages 2334-2340Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolecon.2010.06.017
Keywords
Endangered species protection; Anti-poaching enforcement; Shoot-on-sight policies; African elephants; Value of a statistical life
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Protecting endangered species that offer poachers from low-income countries high economic benefits remains a policy challenge. A broadly applicable economic model of poaching shows why CITES international bans have not always been successful, especially in situations where black markets exist and nonpoaching wages are low. In these situations, poachers may have nothing left to lose, since low nonpoaching wages impose a practical cap on the potential economic costs of fines and imprisonment. Thus, the model suggests shoot-on-sight policies as the only viable option. Trends in animal populations appear to support the efficacy of the shoot-on-sight policies, which also suggests an inherent value of life traditionally not captured in Value of a Statistical Life estimates. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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