Journal
EARTH SURFACE PROCESSES AND LANDFORMS
Volume 37, Issue 3, Pages 301-314Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1002/esp.2252
Keywords
sandstone; tafoni; ERT; rock surface hardness; temperature; exposure
Funding
- Dudley Stamp Memorial Trust
- Royal Geographical Society/IBG
- Quaternary Research Association
- St Cross College, Oxford University
- Oxford University
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The development of cavernous weathering features such as tafoni remains poorly understood. In particular, the roles played by internal moisture and case hardening remain unclear. In this study, Electric Resistivity Tomography (ERT) has been used to map moisture distribution within inner walls of tafoni developed in sandstone, and an Equotip device used to measure rock surface hardness as a proxy measure of the degree of weathering and case hardening. Seven large tafoni in the Golden Gate Highlands National Park (South Africa), varying in size and degree of development have been monitored. A dynamic relationship between surface hardness, degree of weathering and internal moisture regimes has been found. We propose a new conceptual model which illustrates the complex interaction between case hardening and internal moisture and suggests a new direction for cavernous weathering research. Copyright (c) 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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