Journal
EARLY HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
Volume 90, Issue 10, Pages 695-701Publisher
ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2014.06.009
Keywords
Cerebral oxygen metabolism; Cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen; Neonates; Near-infrared spectroscopy; Magnetic resonance imaging
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Funding
- National Institutes of Health (NIH) [R01 MH084021, NIH R01 NS067015, NIH R01 AG042753, NIH R21 NS085634-01A1, K23HD069521-01A11]
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Because oxidative metabolism is the primary form of energy production in the brain, the amount of oxygen consumed by the brain, denoted by a physiological parameter termed cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen (CMRO2), represents a key marker for tissue viability and brain function. Quantitative assessment of cerebral oxygen metabolism in the neonate may provide an important marker in better understanding normal brain development and in making diagnosis and treatment decisions in neonatal brain injuries. Measurement of CMRO2 in humans has been a challenging task, particularly in neonates. Recently, several promising techniques have been proposed to quantify neonatal CMRO2 and the purpose of this article is to provide a technical review of these techniques. Among these, we will focus the review on the NIRS optic based methods and MRI methods which are non-invasive, have been applied in normal and sick newborns and show great potentials. Potential clinical prospects of CMRO2 techniques are discussed in the context of their advantages, challenges and limitations. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
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