Journal
DRUG DEVELOPMENT AND INDUSTRIAL PHARMACY
Volume 34, Issue 11, Pages 1141-1167Publisher
TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
DOI: 10.1080/03639040802020536
Keywords
central nervous system; blood-brain barrier; Alzheimer's disease; Parkinson's disease; depression; epilepsy; multiple sclerosis; neuropathic pain; animal models; drug delivery
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The development of new pharmaceutical products has successfully addressed a multitude of disease states; however, new product development for treating disorders of the central nervous system (CNS) has lagged behind other therapeutic areas. This is due to several factors including the complexity of the diseases and the lack of technologies for delivery through the blood-brain barrier (BBB). This article examines the current state of six major CNS disease states: depression, epilepsy, multiple sclerosis (MS), neurodegenerative diseases (specifically Alzheimer's disease [AD]), neuropathic pain, and schizophrenia. Discussion topics include analysis of the biological mechanisms underlying each disease, currently approved products, and available animal models for development of new therapeutic agents. Analysis of currently approved therapies shows that all products depend on the molecular properties of the drug or prodrug to penetrate the BBB. Novel technologies, capable of enhancing BBB permeation, are also discussed relative to improving CNS therapies for these disease states.
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