Journal
ACS NANO
Volume 9, Issue 3, Pages 3134-3142Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.5b00059
Keywords
nanothermometers; nanoheaters; magnetic hyperthermia; intracellular temperature; heat diffusion
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Funding
- Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation [MAT2011-259911]
- project CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials - Portuguese funds through the FCT/MEC [FCT UID/CTM/50011/2013, RECI-CTM-CER-0336-2012, EXPL-CTM-NAN-0295-2012]
- FEDER under the PT2020 Partnership Agreement
- FCT [SFRH/BPD/89003/2012]
- ICMA-CSIC
- Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia [EXPL/CTM-NAN/0295/2012] Funding Source: FCT
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Whereas efficient and sensitive nanoheaters and nanothermometers are demanding tools, in modern bio- and nanomedicine, joining both features in a single nanoparticle still remains a real challenge, despite the recent progress achieved, Most Of it Within the last year. Here we demonstrate a successful realization of this challenge. The heating is magnetically induced, the temperature readout is optical, and the ratiometric thermometric probes are dual-emissive Eu3+/Tb3+ lanthanide complexes. The low thermometer heat capacitance (0.021 center dot K-1) and heater/thermometer resistance (1 K center dot W-1), the high temperature sensitivity (5.8%center dot K-1 at 296 K) and uncertainty (0.5 K), the physiological working temperature range (295-315 K), the readout reproducibility (>99.5%), and the fast time response (0.250 s) make the heater/thermometer nanoplatform proposed here unique. Cells were incubated with the nanoparticles, and fluorescence microscopy permits the mapping of the intracellular local temperature using the pixel-by-pixel ratio of the Eu3+/Tb3+ intensities. Time-resolved thermometry under an ac magnetic field evidences the failure of using Macroscopic thermal parameters to describe heat diffusion at the nanoscale.
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