Journal
DRUG AND ALCOHOL DEPENDENCE
Volume 108, Issue 1-2, Pages 141-145Publisher
ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2009.12.004
Keywords
Personality disorders; Nicotine dependence; Epidemiology; Neurobiology; Smoking exposure; Self-medication hypothesis
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Funding
- National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism
- National Institute on Drug Abuse
- National Institutes of Health, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism
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This study examined the prevalence of nicotine dependence (ND) and its associations with DSM-IV personality disorders (PDs) among current smokers (n = 7078), controlling for sociodemographic characteristics and comorbid Axis I and II disorders. Data were derived from a nationally representative sample of the U.S. population. Although all PDs were significantly associated with ND when sociodemographic factors were controlled, only schizotypal, borderline, narcissistic and obsessive-compulsive PDs were associated with ND after adding controls for Axis I and other Axis II disorders. These associations remained significant after controlling for degree of smoking exposure. The results suggest that both shared and PD-specific pathogenetic factors underlie these PD-ND associations. Implications are also discussed in terms of the relationship between personality features of schizotypal, borderline, narcissistic and obsessive-compulsive PDs and the self-medication hypothesis and the role of neurotransmission. Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd.
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