Journal
DRUG AND ALCOHOL DEPENDENCE
Volume 104, Issue -, Pages S87-S93Publisher
ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2009.04.001
Keywords
Smoking; Women; Delay discounting; Temporal horizon; Risk taking
Categories
Funding
- NIDA NIH HHS [R01 DA011692, R01 DA022386-01A1S1, R01 DA011692-09S1, R01 DA022386, R01 DA024080] Funding Source: Medline
- NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON DRUG ABUSE [R01DA024080, T32DA022981, R01DA022386, R01DA011692] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
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Recently, delay discounting has been argued to be conceptually consistent with the notion of temporal horizon [Bickel, W.K., Yi, R., Kowal, B.P., Gatchalian, K.M., 2008. Cigarette smokers discount past and future rewards symmetrically and more than controls: is discounting a measure of impulsivity? Drug Alcohol Depend. 96, 256-262]. Temporal horizon refers to the temporal distance over which behavioral events or objects can influence behavior. Here we examine the results on two putative measures of temporal horizon, future time perspective (FTP) and delay discounting, collected over three separate studies (n=227), to determine the influence of smoking and gender on temporal horizon. By comparing the results on these temporal horizon measures we address our population of interest: women who smoke. One of the measures of FTP indicates that smoking women have a shorter temporal horizon than their nonsmoking counterparts. Additionally, the story completion measures of FTP are positively correlated with delay discounting. In contrast, results of delay discounting measures showed no difference between smoking women and nonsmoking women, while results of delay discounting measures indicated smoking men have a shorter temporal horizon than non-smoking men. Additionally, the results of the FTP story completion measure indicated that lower third income earners had a shortened temporal horizon compared to upper third income earners. A possible explanation for these results is explored, and the implications of the modulation of temporal horizon by gender and smoking are discussed. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
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