Journal
DRUG AND ALCOHOL DEPENDENCE
Volume 92, Issue 1-3, Pages 164-172Publisher
ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2007.07.019
Keywords
diffusion tensor imaging (DTI); magnetic resonance imaging (MRI); brain; cocaine; abuse; dependence
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Funding
- NATIONAL CENTER FOR RESEARCH RESOURCES [P41RR008079] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
- NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON DRUG ABUSE [R21DA015330] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
- NCRR NIH HHS [P41RR-008079, P41 RR008079] Funding Source: Medline
- NIDA NIH HHS [R21 DA015330-01, R21 DA015330-03, R21 DA015330-02, R21 DA015330, R21DA-015330] Funding Source: Medline
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Rationale: Two previous studies have utilized diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) to examine microstructural integrity in cocaine abuse and found 41 evidence of brain abnormalities in white matter. Objective: Using anatomical magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), DTI, and clinical evaluation, the macrostructural and microstructural correlates of cocaine abuse were investigated. Methods: Twenty-one men and women (mean age 42.5 and mean 18.9 years of cocaine use) and 21 age/gender-matched controls were included. Fractional anisotropy (FA) was measured in frontal white matter ROIs. Gray and white matter volumes in superior and inferior frontal regions were compared. Results: DTI data revealed that cocaine users had lower FA than controls, specifically in inferior frontal white matter. FA differences were not seen in other areas. Significant volumetric differences were not seen, but both gray and white matter inferior frontal volumes trended toward smaller in the cocaine group. The data suggested that duration of use was associated with decreased gray and white matter volumes. FA and gray matter volume were correlated in cocaine users. Conclusions: Both macrostructural and microstructural abnormalities were seen in a group of cocaine abusers. Length of cocaine use was associated with severity of the brain abnormalities. Future studies of white matter tissue integrity are warranted including examination of the relationship between DTI measures and traditional volumetric measures. (C) 2007 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
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