Journal
DISEASES OF AQUATIC ORGANISMS
Volume 93, Issue 2, Pages 117-127Publisher
INTER-RESEARCH
DOI: 10.3354/dao02285
Keywords
Viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus; VHSV IVb; Muskellunge; Freshwater drum; Walleye; Round goby; Immunohistochemistry; Pathology
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Funding
- Natural Sciences and Engineering Council of Canada (Fish Pathology Laboratory [FPL], University of Guelph)
- Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources (FPL and Fish Health Laboratory)
- US Department of Commerce's National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration [NA07OAR4170010]
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A novel viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV) (genotype IVb) has been isolated from mortality events in a range of wild freshwater fish from the Great Lakes since 2005. In 2005 and 2006, numerous new freshwater host species (similar to 90 fish from 12 different species) were confirmed to have VHSV by cell culture and reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. A prominent feature observed in infected fish were the petechial and ecchymotic haemorrhages on the body surface and in visceral organs, as well as serosanguinous ascites; however, many fish had few and subtle, gross lesions. Histologically, virtually all fish had a vasculitis and multifocal necrosis of numerous tissues. Excellent correlation was found between the presence of VHSV IVb antigen detected by immunohistochemistry and the pathological changes noted by light microscopy. Intact and degenerate leukocytes, including cells resembling lymphocytes and macrophages, also had cytoplasmic viral antigen. By contrast, renal tubules and gonadal tissues (ovary and testis), were strongly immunopositive for VHSV IVb, but no lesions were noted.
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