High definition plus colonoscopy combined with i-scan tone enhancement vs. high definition colonoscopy for colorectal neoplasia: A randomized trial

Background: High definition endoscopy is the accepted standard in colonoscopy. However, an important problem is missed polyps. Aims: Our objective was to assess the additional adenoma detection rate between high definition colonoscopy with tone enhancement (digital chromoendoscopy) vs. white light high definition colonoscopy. Methods: In this prospective randomized trial patients were included to undergo a tandem colonoscopy. The first exam was a white light colonoscopy with removal of all visualized polyps. The second examination was randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio as either again white light colonoscopy (Group A) or colonoscopy with tone enhancement (Group B). Primary endpoint was the adenoma detection rate during the second withdrawal (sample size calculation - 40 per group). Results: 67 lesions (Group A: n = 34 vs. Group B: n = 33) in 80 patients (mean age 61 years, male 64%) were identified on the first colonoscopy. The second colonoscopy detected 78 additional lesions: n = 60 with tone enhancement vs. n = 18 with white light endoscopy (p < 0.001). Tone enhancement found more additional adenomas (A n = 20 vs. B n = 6, p = 0.006) and identified significantly more missed adenomas per subject (0.5 vs. 0.15, p = 0.006). Conclusions: High definition plus colonoscopy with tone enhancement detected more adenomas missed by white light colonoscopy. (C) 2014 Editrice Gastroenterologica Italiana S.r.l. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.