Journal
DIABETOLOGIA
Volume 56, Issue 4, Pages 847-855Publisher
SPRINGER
DOI: 10.1007/s00125-012-2812-x
Keywords
Beta2/NeuroD; Beta cell dysfunction; Glucotoxicity; MicroRNA
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Funding
- Korea Healthcare Technology R&D Project of the Ministry of Health, Welfare Family Affairs [A092258]
- Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF)
- Ministry of Education, Science and Technology, Republic of Korea [20110009075]
- Korean Diabetes Association
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The loss of beta cell function is a critical factor in the development of type 2 diabetes. Glucotoxicity plays a major role in the progressive deterioration of beta cell function and development of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Here we demonstrate that microRNA (miR)-30a-5p is a key player in early-stage glucotoxicity-induced beta cell dysfunction. We performed northern blots, RT-PCR and western blots in glucotoxicity-exposed primary rat islets and INS-1 cells. We also measured glucose-stimulated insulin secretion and insulin content. In vivo approaches were used to evaluate the role of miR-30a-5p in beta cell dysfunction. miR-30a-5p expression was increased in beta cells after exposure to glucotoxic conditions, and exogenous miR-30a-5p overexpression also induced beta cell dysfunction in vitro. miR-30a-5p directly suppressed expression of Beta2/NeuroD (also known as Neurod1) by binding to a specific binding site in its 3'-untranslated region. After restoration of Beta2/NeuroD expression by knockdown miR-30a-5p or transfection of the Beta2/NeuroD gene, beta cell dysfunction, including decreased insulin content, gene expression and glucose-stimulated insulin secretion, recovered. Glucose tolerance and beta cell dysfunction improved on direct injection of Ad-si30a-5p into the pancreas of diabetic mice. Our data demonstrate that miR-30a-5p-mediated direct suppression of Beta2/NeuroD gene expression is an important initiation step of glucotoxicity-induced beta cell dysfunction.
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