Journal
DIABETES TECHNOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS
Volume 13, Issue 9, Pages 929-935Publisher
MARY ANN LIEBERT INC
DOI: 10.1089/dia.2011.0077
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Funding
- National Science Council [NSC952314B006040MY2, NSC982314B006043]
- National Cheng Kung University
- National Cheng Kung University Hospital of Taiwan [NCKUH94023]
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Background: Rigorous research efforts have been undertaken worldwide to develop a needle-free insulin delivery for many decades with limited success. This translational study aims to deliver insulin through skin with painless electroporation. Methods: A recently designed microelectrode array was used to deliver insulin in mice with diabetes under electroporation conditions that are painless and harmless on human skin. Results: Under such condition, a therapeutic amount of insulin was delivered successfully through mouse skin. Electroporation alone increased insulin transport around 100-fold compared with passive diffusion. Increased skin temperature to 40 degrees C for 20 min augmented insulin transport to 237-fold more than the control value. Repeated electroporation showed no harm on human skin. Conclusion: The results indicate the potential of painless delivery of insulin through human skin in future clinical practice.
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