Diabetic nephropathy-What are the unmet needs?

In this pandemic of diabetes and obesity, Asia will have the highest number of affected people with the greatest increase in the young-to-middle aged group. Asian patients have increased risk for diabetic kidney disease which maybe compounded by low grade infection, obesity and genetic factors, In these subjects, the onset of albuminuria and diabetic kidney disease causes further perturbation of metabolic milieu with increased oxidative stress, anaemia and vascular calcification which interact to markedly increase the risk of cardiovascular disease. Despite receiving optimal care to control blood pressure and metabolic risk factors as well as inhibition of the renin-angiotensin system in a clinical trial setting, there is a considerable residual risk for cardio-renal complications in patients with diabetic kidney disease. Control of obesity and low grade inflammation as well as correction of anaemia may represent areas where novel strategies can be developed and tested to curb this rising global burden of cardio-renal complications. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.